Imperialism Continues (1875 - 1959)
- In 1875, the U.S signed the Reciprocity Treaty. This allowed the U.S to gain a certain territory from Hawaii and it gave access to the sugar trade.
- The given territory to the U.S was used to make a military base called Pearl Harbor. The rest of the land was use to install sugar companies. This created many job opportunities, migration to Hawaii, economic growth and industrialization.
- In 1890, President William Mckinley of the U.S created a new tariff that would impose import taxes on foreign sugar.
- From 1890 to 1898, there was a huge depression in Hawaii because the Hawaiian sugar was being out-marketed in the American sugar market. Most of the Hawaiian economy depended on sugar so many islanders were affected.
- The given territory to the U.S was used to make a military base called Pearl Harbor. The rest of the land was use to install sugar companies. This created many job opportunities, migration to Hawaii, economic growth and industrialization.
- In 1890, President William Mckinley of the U.S created a new tariff that would impose import taxes on foreign sugar.
- From 1890 to 1898, there was a huge depression in Hawaii because the Hawaiian sugar was being out-marketed in the American sugar market. Most of the Hawaiian economy depended on sugar so many islanders were affected.
- Therefore, most of the Hawaiians wanted to be annexed to the U.S in order for the tariff to no longer apply to them.
- The throne was passed down to Queen Liliuokalani who was not in favor of annexing to the U.S.
- As a result, in 1893, the Hawaiians staged a revolt with the help of the U.S military without presidential authority to remove the Queen from throne.
- The revolution was lead by Sanford Ballard Dole; a lawyer born in Hawaii from Christian American missionary parents. He was the first President of Hawaii.
- The Hawaiians replaced their monarchy and established democracy.
- The U.S President Glover Cleveland was an anti-imperialist and believed Americans acted shamefully in Hawaii so he disagreed with annexation.
U.S goes to war against Spain
- In 1898, The U.S went to war against Spain in the Spanish-American war. Therefore, the U.S finally decided to annex Hawaii as a U.S territory to help the U.S fight the Spanish Phillippines.
- The Americans defeated the Spanish and gained the Phillippines as a result.
Hawaii becomes a state
- In 1959, Hawaii became the 50th State of the United States after a referendum was held in Hawaii where 93% of the voters approved that Hawaii should become a State.
- In 1898, The U.S went to war against Spain in the Spanish-American war. Therefore, the U.S finally decided to annex Hawaii as a U.S territory to help the U.S fight the Spanish Phillippines.
- The Americans defeated the Spanish and gained the Phillippines as a result.
Hawaii becomes a state
- In 1959, Hawaii became the 50th State of the United States after a referendum was held in Hawaii where 93% of the voters approved that Hawaii should become a State.
Benefits of gaining territory in Hawaii for the U.S
- To provide a naval base to the U.S - Open new trading posts- To control the Pacific - Defeat the Europeans in controlling the islands. - Defeat the Spanish Philippines in the Spanish-American war of 1898 - Establish Democracy - Expand territory - Sugar cane and other island goods. Pearl Harbor Military Base
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Benefits of Imperialism for Hawaii
- Economic growth with the American sugar companies - Many job opportunities - Military base constructed which defended Hawaii - Americans christianized them from a religion that had human sacrifice. - Improved trading ports - Better infrastructure (roads, schools, buildings) - Democracy was established - Cultural diversity Industrialization
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Disadvantages of Imperialism for Hawaii
- U.S were responsible for creating a depression in the country which made many Hawaiians poor and homeless. - Americans did not respect the Hawaiian sacred tradition such as the Hula because they made it ornamental (decorative). - Americans forced many Hawaiians to become Christian. - Natives were introduced to many diseases such as smallpox, cholera and leprosy. - Americans were racist to the natives and segregated them according to ethnic groups in the sugar companies. - Americans banned the Hawaiian native language and only allowed English. This old cartoon demonstrates the racism from Americans towards Hawaiians because they were seen as un-industrialized savages.
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